Top 10 TEXTILE PRINTING PROCESSES
1. MUCILAGE PRINTING PROCESS
The mucilage process uses a special chemical gel to blend the dye highly seamlessly. The Dye is firmly attached to the fabric through the action of the GEL medium, and the mucilage printing process overcomes the limitation of the water-pulp printing. It can be printed on cotton, hemp, viscose, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, PVC and other fiber blended fabrics. It can also be printed on leather, artificial leather, etc. It can be used for fluorescent printing, ink-jet Printing, rotten printing, electrostatic flocking printing and other printing processes. The biggest advantage of the mucilage printing process is that it is widely used, beautiful in color and high in reduction, but its printing process is more complex and more costly than that of the water-mucilage printing process.
The appearance and wide application of the glue paste after the water paste, because of its very good coverage, so that dark clothes can be printed on any light color, and there is a certain gloss and cubic sense, so that ready-to-wear clothes look more upscale, so it became so popular that it was used in almost every printed t shirt. But because it has a certain hardness, it is not suitable for large-area on-the-spot patterns. large-area patterns are best printed with water slurry, and then dotted with some glue slurry. This can solve the problem of large-area glue paste being hard Another way is to steal a large area of real-world designs and make them into a rotten effect, but always wear them a little hard So it is better to combine water and glue to solve the problem of large-area printing.
2. WATER-PULP PRINTING PROCESS
Water-pulp printing is a basic printing process in screen printing industry, it can be used in cotton, polyester, hemp and so on, almost all of the light-colored fabrics, the application is very wide. It works similar to dyeing, except that it is used to “Dye” certain areas of the fabric into flower positions. Therefore, this process can not be applied to the fabric with a dark background. The biggest advantage of the water-pulp printing process is that it is widely used, the flower position fastness is very good, can use relatively low price to print out a good effect. The limitation of the water-jet printing process is that it can not be applied to all dark fabrics.
Water-pulp printing is a basic printing process in screen printing industry, it can be used in cotton, polyester, hemp and so on, almost all of the light-colored fabrics, the application is very wide. It works similar to dyeing, except that it is used to “Dye” certain areas of the fabric into flower positions. Therefore, this process can not be applied to the fabric with a dark background. The biggest advantage of the water-pulp printing process is that it is widely used, the flower position fastness is very good, can use relatively low price to print out a good effect. The limitation of the water-jet printing process is that it can not be applied to all dark fabrics.
3. Thermosensitive Color Change Printing
Thermosensitive color-changing printing is also called thermosensitive color-changing printing. In the early stage, thermosensitive color-changing printing has been processed into microcapsule by thermosensitive color-changing dye and printed on fabric. Irreversible thermochromic dyes are commonly used as temperature detection indicators. It is usually reversible when used on textiles. According to its structure can be divided into inorganic and organic, organic thermosensitive dyes are widely used in textiles, it is composed of cryptochromes, color-developing agents and sensitizers (desensitizers) .
Cryptochromes are substances that combine protons to give color, such as endolipids and Pentylenediamines, which act as electron donors in color-changing systems. CHROMOGENIC agents are proton-releasing acid-releasing compounds, such as phenols, carboxylic acids, halogenated alcohols, etc. . The color-changing system of leuco-dyes and chromogenic agents can only achieve the color-changing effect in a special solvent. The melt of this solvent has good solubility to dyes and chromogenic agents, and can enhance the thermal sensitivity of the system It is called sensitizer (desensitizer) . Sensitizers are generally fusible higher aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids and their esters, aromatic hydrocarbons and their ether and ester compounds, and directly determine the color-changing temperature.
4. Silver GILDING PROCESS
Gilding silver is a traditional means of binding and decoration, often used in many paper packaging, but silk screen gilding silver is a new technology, its principle is to add special chemical agents in the printing paste It can be printed on many kinds of fabrics. The cost is lower than the traditional craft. It is a very ideal printing decoration craft.
The gold light printing paste of the crystal coating material takes the special crystal as the core, covers the light-increasing layer, the titanium film layer and the metal luster deposit layer, can be exposed in the air for a long time not to dim, has the very good weather resistance and the high temperature resistance, it feels good when it’s printed. At present, the silver print paste coated with MICA improves the durability of aluminum powder. The silver print paste coated with MICA is basically similar to the titanium print paste coated with Mica, that is, the temperature continues to increase when the titanium film is coated Can Get as silver-like light, titanium film coated with different thickness, can be diffracted with different color of silver light. The mica-coated silver print paste has good compatibility with the chemicals. After being printed on the fabric, the fastness is also very good, and it can keep a long silver shine.
5. FOAMING PRINTING PROCESS
Foaming printing is also called three-dimensional printing. The foaming printing process is developed on the basis of the mucilage printing process. Its principle is to add certain chemical substances with high expansion coefficient to the mucilage printing dyes Drying the printing position with 200 ~ 300 degrees of high temperature foaming, to achieve a three-dimensional effect similar to “relief” , foaming printing process visual substrate requirements to do high, medium and low foaming effect is very eye-catching. The biggest advantage of foaming printing process is a strong sense of three-dimensional, printing surface prominent, expansion. Widely used in cotton, nylon cloth and other materials.
Foamed printing paste has developed into two series: physical foamed paste and chemical foamed paste. The physical foamed paste mainly contains microcapsule preparation. The microcapsule preparation contains organic solvent with low boiling point The organic solvent in the microcapsules rapidly vaporizes, inflates the microcapsules, and the expanded microcapsules squeeze each other, resulting in irregular overlapping distribution, thus uneven surface, also known as Velvet Printing. There are two types of chemical foaming paste: one is a thermoplastic resin and foaming agent composed of paste, and the other is polyurethane and solvent thickening agent composed of paste. But the latter on the fabric printing paste solvent to be recycled, to a certain degree of difficulty to the printing plant, so now generally used the former.
6. PHOTOSENSITIVE COLOR-CHANGING PRINTING
Photosensitive color-changing printing is also called photosensitive color-changing printing. In the early stage, photosensitive color-changing printing uses photovariable dyes. For example, dye a is colorless, after UV irradiation, molecular ring-opening into a cyanine structure of Dye B, Blue, when dye B is exposed to visible light will be re-turned into a colorless dye A.
Now we use microcapsule technology to cover the photovariable dye in the capsule, the General Particle size is 1-10 microns, with microcapsule coated photovariable Dye, its light fastness is greatly improved. At present, four basic colors have been developed: purple, blue, yellow and red. The original structures of these four dyes are all closed-loop, that is, printed on the fabric without color But in ultraviolet light can become purple, blue, yellow, red. The so-called photochromic change from one color to another color, is in the printing paste photochromic dye and general color paint mixed together after printing. For example, with a light-variable dye red and blue paint mixed printing, in the fabric surface appears blue, in the ultraviolet light becomes blue-purple.
At present, thermosensitive color-changing dyes have developed to 15 basic colors, and each color can be mixed with each other, complete chromatography, but also with color paint mixed with each other, so thermosensitive color-changing dyes can not only change from colored to colorless, also can change from one color to another color, the color change temperature residence time is more and more sensitive, from the original color change residence temperature is more than 10 °C, now the color change residence temperature is less than 5 °C.
7. WATER-JET PRINTING PROCESS
Water-jet printing is a new printing technology. Using a variety of physical and photochemical principles, using this process to produce products. When the fabric into the water, the fabric of raw materials and water instantaneous complex changes, showing a pre-set rich patterns, when the surface of the fabric of water evaporation, and then show the original pattern. This process can be widely used in the print design of beach trousers, bathing suits, raincoats, umbrellas, large signboards, advertisements and many other media to make a series of “magic color-changing swimsuits” Amazing color-changing products. There’s an enormous market for it.
8. FLOCKING PRINTING PROCESS
Electrostatic flocking printing is one of the three-dimensional printing processes. The principle is to transfer the high-strength composite resin adhesive with the screen containing the required flower position to the substrate surface, and then let the fiber fluff through hundreds of thousands of volts of high-voltage electrostatic field electrification Make Villi vertical and even speed “bump” to the adhesive, in the fabric surface “shop” on a layer of Villi, and then high-temperature curing molding. It is widely used in SOFA fabric, packing box, shoe fabric, decoration, toys, industrial electrical protection and so on. Will be covered with Villi on the surface of objects, not subject to plant shape, size restrictions, flocking process printed products cubic sense of strong, bright colors, soft touch, not off the friction resistance. Cotton cloth, silk hemp, leather, Nylon cloth, all kinds of PVC, denim, rubber, sponge, metal, foam, plastic, Resin non-waterproof cloth and so on can be printed.
Flocking chosen by the adhesive on the printing and dyeing industry plays an important role. Commonly used adhesives are divided into diplomatic adhesive and self-crosslinking adhesive. There are carboxyl group (- cooh) or amide group (- c-nh2) or Amino Group (- NH3) in the molecule of the crosslinking adhesive which can cross-link with the functional group of the external crosslinking agent. When the film is formed, it can react with the external gluing agent to form a reticular skin film, thereby fixing the Villi on the substrate.
Selection of adhesive should pay attention to the following points: 1, on the fabric and Villus Knot Force; 2, flocking soft, the surface of film-forming is appropriate, in order to flocking; 3, viscosity is moderate, in order to spray, coating, scraping on the fabric; 4, good chemical stability, good weather resistance and washing resistance; 5, easy to operate, use a small amount of viscosity regulator can adjust the viscosity; 6, non-toxic harmless, non-flammable.
9. FRAGRANCE PRINTING PROCESS
The fragrance printing technology is a special technology which uses special technology to make the product printed out have the fragrance. The process of fragrance printing is similar to that of conventional printing except that when the microcapsules are mixed with a suitable binder size, as long as the essence of microcapsules, adhesive printing paste and substrate fabrics have a good compatibility can be used. The printing paste is applied to the surface of the fabric by the screen printing method and then dried. It not only makes people enjoy the beauty visually, but also gets the pleasant satisfaction in the sense of smell. This product is limited to the use of printed cloth, as well as popular with consumers, gradually developed to clothing, sheets, handkerchiefs, socks, scarves and other textile use. At present, the concept of fragrance printing, with the passage of time has been developed as “breath printing” , because it is not only the pursuit of aroma effect. There’s also a lot of nature in it. Such as the smell of forest, pine resin smell, the smell of peas, and so on. These breath characteristics are similar to the natural breath, make a person produce the body and mind happy, return to the natural feeling.
The principle of scent printing process is to use liquid essence or other organic solution, so that the essence can be evenly mixed with colored printing paint slurry and fixed on the fabric by the function of binder in the paint. Because the essence contains many volatile organic compounds, volatile and chemical property volatile compound composition, the essence is very complex, in the use and storage period volatile loss or decomposition metamorphism. Therefore, the preservation and control of the use of flavor has become a key issue of research and development. In order to protect the essence from the influence of external environmental factors and to control or extend the release time of the essence, the best way is to microencapsulate the essence Microencapsulation is a technique in which a solid or liquid is coated with a film-forming material to form tiny particles.
10. FLUORESCENT PRINTING PROCESS
Fluorescent printing process is a new type of special printing process, the principle is to use a special process, the photoluminescence Type self-luminescent material is integrated into the fabric, through absorbing all kinds of visible light to achieve the function of auto-luminescence The utility model is characterized in that the utility model can be used for an infinite number of cycles. Products do not contain any radioactive elements, can be used for various purposes, evenly distributed in a variety of transparent media, plastic, ceramics, glass, etc. , to achieve the medium’s self-luminous function, and can show the bright colors of this pigment Presents a good low-level emergency has, the instruction mark and the decoration beautification effect.
From the technological point of view, there are: Printing process of fluorescent paint, direct printing with fluorescent paint and common paint, direct printing with fluorescent paint and reactive dye, discharge printing with reactive dye, phthalocyanine anti-dyeing printing.
The factors that affect the fluorescent intensity of fluorescent coatings are: 1 the Whiteness of printed fabrics, the whiter the fabric, the smoother the cloth, the better the reflection of light, the better the fluorescent intensity, the fluorescent intensity printed on the white cloth is better than that printed on the color cloth, printed on the silk-bleached Poplin, fluorimetry is better; 2 adhesive: The better the transparency of the adhesive film, the better the fluorimetry. In the molecular structure of the binder component, the electronic vibration is suitable for the electronic vibration in the molecular structure of the fluorescent paint, and the fluorescence degree is good But the amount of fluorescent paint up to 30% , fluorescence degree to saturation: 4 color matching: Fluorescent paint such as mixing with ordinary paint to adjust the color, fluorescence will be greatly reduced.
Fluorescent printing process made of a variety of light-emitting products, absolutely safe for use in consumer goods, such as: clothing, shoes, stationery, watches, switches, signs, fishing gear, handicrafts and sporting goods. And in the building decoration, transportation, military facilities, fire emergency systems such as: Import and export signs, escape, life-saving route indicator system has a good role.
Fluorescent printing is one of the traditional methods of textile printing. In order to further popularize fluorescent pigment printing, efforts should also be made in the following aspects: 1. To improve the coloring power of fluorescent coating, the amount of fluorescent coating currently used is higher, it is difficult to pull apart the deep and shallow layers of printed patterns; 2 continue to develop the Chromatogram of fluorescent paint; 3 need to improve the fluorescence degree to solve the problem that the fluorescence degree of Sapphire Blue, green and Blue Lotus is still relatively low; 4 can develop special adhesives and thickeners for fluorescent paint, improve the color fastness and brightness of printing.
